Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterised by recurrent seizures, which can vary in severity and manifestation. Here are the causes and treatment of this neurological disorder.
Causes of epilepsy: 1. Genetic factors: Some forms of epilepsy have a genetic basis, meaning they can run in families.
2. Brain injury: Traumatic brain injuries, strokes, or brain tumours can increase the risk of developing epilepsy.
3. Developmental disorders: Conditions like autism or neurofibromatosis may be associated with epileps.
4. Prenatal factors: Exposure to toxins, infections, or inadequate prenatal care can increase the risk of epilepsy in some cases.
Treatment options for epilepsy: 1. Medications: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the primary treatment for controlling seizures. These medications work by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain.
2. Ketogenic diet: This high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet has been shown to help reduce seizures, particularly in children with epilepsy.
3. Surgery: In cases where seizures originate from a specific area of the brain, surgery to remove or disconnect the affected area may be an option.
4. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) This procedure involves the implantation of a device that sends electrical impulses to the brain via the vagus nerve, which helps prevent seizures.
5. Lifestyle modifications: Avoiding triggers such as lack of sleep, stress, or excessive alcohol consumption can help reduce the frequency of seizures.
It’s essential to raise awareness and educate the public about epilepsy to combat the stigma associated with the condition. With proper treatment and support, individuals with epilepsy can lead fulfilling lives and manage their condition effectively.
Inputs by Dr. Keni Ravish Rajiv Senior Consultant – Neurology and Head of Epilepsy Services, Aster CMI Hospital